金山词霸每日一句 [ 四月] 金山词霸每日一句 [ 五月] 金山词霸每日一句 [ 六月]
What kinds of utilities are included?
(房租里)都包含什么费用?
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严格说,名词utility并不是“费用”的意思,而是“日常服务设施”(A commodity or service, such as electricity, water, or public transportation, that is provided by a public utility),最常见的就是水、电、煤气、公共交通等。而水电费的“帐单”,就称为“utility bill”。
How much do you pay for the utilities every month?
你每个月水电费付多少钱?
I would like to request my travel reimbursement.
我想要报销车费。
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别的单字可以不会,reimbursement 这个字一定要会。所谓的 reimbursement 就是指你买东西或是出差自己先垫钱,回来之后要把这笔钱跟公司报帐,就是“报销”。
记得刚来美国时,每次我都很大方地说,"I want my money back." 当然最后也是顺利把钱给要回来了,但是这样子吃相是不是太难看了些?后来才知道原来老美都是用 reimbursement 这个字。
所以记得喔,下次当你出差回来需要报帐时,就可以问一下承办人员,"Which forms do I need to complete for my travel reimbursement?" (我需要填什么表来报我的旅费?)
My boss is a micromanager.
我的老板事必躬亲。
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Micromanager 是老美常用来批评上司的一个字眼。因为micro 是“微小”的意思。所以 micromanager 就是用来形容一位上司事必躬亲,连一些鸡毛蒜皮的小事情他都要指导你如何完成。比方说他请你画一份草图,但却详细交代这里线要多粗,颜色要多黄,完全不给你自由创作的空间。这时你就有权跟其它人抱怨,"He is such a micromanager!"
其实 micromanager 是从micromanage 这个动词衍生出来的。在工业化早期的年代,很多工人所受的教育并不多,所以管理阶层必须告诉这些工人每一步要作什么,一个口令一个动作,以确保工作能顺利完成,这样子的管理方式就叫 micromanage。但现代的企业都是讲究弹性 (flexible),所以当你听到,"My supervisor likes micromanaging everything in this office." (我的上司喜欢管任何微不足道的小事。) 就是批评上司违反这种弹性原则,完全不给员工自由发挥的空间。
Do diplomas count for anything on the job market?
文凭对找工作重要吗?
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动词搭配count for,价值。
另外,还可以把下面两个短语当作常用组合来记忆:Count for much 就相当于 be of much importance,即“重要”;相反,count for little就是“不重要”的意思。
Empty promises count for nothing. 空洞的承诺一文不值。
When would you relieve me of the burden?
你什么时候(才)能减轻我的负担?
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动词词组relieve sb. of sth.,意思是,减轻、免除某人的负担、压力等。
Let me relieve you of this heavy box. 让我来帮你拿这个重盒子。
Does it pay to overindulge children?
娇惯孩子有好处吗?
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动词pay,我们经常用到的意思是“支付,交纳”,在这个句子中意思稍有变化:“对……有好处,有利”(To afford an advantage to; profit)。
使用pay这个含义的句子,主语常用it作为其形式主语。需要注意的是,使用pay描述是否有好处,多用在一种行为;而名词good当“好处”讲的时候,用法就宽泛得多。
Lying doesn't pay. 撒谎没有好处。
It pays to invest in education. 投资教育是有利的。
What is the good of a large house for a poor student? 对一个穷学生来说,一栋大房子有什么好处?
She is a real find!
(我们)可找到她这么一个能干的人!
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这个句子中,find作为名词,意思是“被发现有惊人能力的人”,这是find作为名词在口语中经常使用到的一个意思,来自于这个词的动词本意“找到”。
更准确的英文解释是:Something that is found, especially an unexpectedly valuable discovery(被发现的、具有出乎预料的价值的事物)。需要补充说明的是,使用find来描述一个人有能力、有价值的时候,除了词意本身,还有强调“被发现”的动作或过程的含义。
She is a real find in the theatre. 她是戏剧界的一位新秀。
Their house is hard by the station.
他们的房子就在车站附近。
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hard by: near by;not far off 附近
Hard by the school stood a big bookstore.学校附近有一家大书店。
He is at his best when he speaks off the cuff.
他即兴讲话讲得很出色。
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off the cuff: without preparing ahead of time what one will say; extemporaneous. 无准备地,即兴地,即席的,不用讲稿的
Considering that the speech was off the cuff,it was rather good.
由于这发言是毫无准备的,所以它还算是不错的。
I have deliberately got myself into the jam.
我是自投罗网。
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be/get (oneself) into a jam:(使自己)身处困境或尴尬,英文的解释是:To force one's way into or through a limited space.。名词jam,我们比较熟悉的意思是“果酱”或“拥挤”(eg. a traffic jam),在这个句子中使用的是另一个含义“困境”(A trying situation; a predicament.)。
The storm held up our flight for 40 minutes.
暴风雨使我们的航班延误了40分钟。
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动词词组hold up,意思是“使延误,阻挡”(To obstruct or delay)。
I do hope my application for leave won't be held up too long.
我希望我的请假申请别被拖得太久。
They had been held up on the road by an accident so they were late.
他们在路上因为一起车祸耽误了时间,因此迟到了。
I find salesmanship is beyond my reach.
我发现我搞不了推销。
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介词词组beyond the reach of sb.或者beyond sb.'s reach,意思是“手够不到的地方;超越……的职权、控制、能力等”。
All dangerous things should be placed beyond children's reach.
一切危险物品都要放在孩子们够不到的地方。
Aren't you tempting fate?
你这不是在玩命吗?
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固定用法tempt fate或tempt providence,英文的解释就等于take a risk,即,冒险,玩命。其中,名词fate,命运;providence,神的眷顾;动词tempt在这句中的含义,就是“试探,冒风险”(To provoke or to risk provoking)。
这个句子也可以直接使用一般疑问句:Are you tempting fate?( 你玩命呢?)。这里使用否定疑问句,只是起到加强语气的作用。
The bike brakes don't work. If you ride downhill, you'll be tempting fate.
这辆自行车的闸不灵了。你要是骑着它走下坡路,那你就是玩命呢。
This watch goes with my job.
这块表是我工作单位发的。
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动词词组 go with,一个经常使用到的含义是“伴随,与……相配”。
Where did you pick up your new mobile phone? -It goes with my job.
你从哪里搞到的新手机?-我工作单位发的。
这个词组还可以表示“选择”(To select or choose)。
We've decided to go with the pink wallpaper.
我们已经决定用粉色壁纸。
He said he was busy, which was true.
他说他很忙,这是真的。
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在这个句子中,关系代词which代表整个主句的意思;在从句中,又充当主语的成分。
Watt watched a steaming kettle for quite a while, which rather annoyed his aunt.
瓦特看那个冒气的水壶看了好长一段时间,这使他的姑妈非常恼火。
The Foreign Office is still holding up my passport, which worries me much.
外交部仍然压着我护照,这让我很担心。
The piano is out of tune.
这架钢琴跑调了(这架钢琴音不准了)。
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固定表达方式“be out of tune”,表示的就是走调、跑调、音调不准的情况。
注意区别一个字形很相近、字意也有些关联的单词:tone。通常,一个单词可能在不同的句子中各有不同的含义,相似的单词也有可能在同一个句子中互相替代。但每个词都有些最本初、最原始的意思。单词tune就是来自于“曲调”;而单词tone则演化于“腔调”。
"The violin should be tuned." She said in a disappointed tone.
“这把小提琴该给正正音了”她失望地说。
When I think about it, it makes my mouth water.
想起它我都会流口水。
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固定表达make one's mouth water,就相当于汉语中的“使……流口水”,是个不太正式、偏于口语的用法。
The roast duck that restaurant serves is my favorite dish. Every time I think about it, it makes my mouth water.
我最喜欢吃那个饭馆的烤鸭。每当我想起它我就会流口水。
Not driving but driven in such a world.
人在江湖,身不由己。
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一个中译英的句子,虽然有些含义没有全部表达出来,但总的来说,翻译得很工整。通过学习这个句子,可以熟练掌握动词drive主动和被动的主要用法。
前半句使用的是drive的现在分词形式,表示主动“驾驭”(To guide, control, or direct)的含义;后半句使用的是这个动词的过去分词形式,表示被动的“被驱使”(To be forced into or from a particular act or state)。
按照单纯的语法规则理解,整个句子不是一个完整句,如果想要添加主语和谓语动词,这个句子也可以是:
I'm not driving but driven in such a world. 我……身不由己。
We're not driving but driven in such a world. 我们……身不由己。
She is not driving but driven in such a world.她……身不由己。
They are not driving but driven in such a world.他们……身不由己。
Watch out for cars when you cross the street.
过街时要注意来往车辆。
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watch out: look out; be on guard 小心;提防
You'll be cheated if you don't watch out.
如果你不小心,就会上当受骗。
He is fond of nosing about for grapevine news.
他爱打听小道消息。
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nose about/around: look for sth. kept private or secret 探问;打听
The detective was nosing around in the crowd,looking for pickpockets.
侦探在人群中搜寻扒手。
The jury is still out.
最后结论还有待分晓。
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一句常用习语,字面意思是“陪审团还在外面”。美国的司法程序是陪审人员组成的陪审团须列席法庭。在听完原告和被告的证词之后退出法庭,商议确定被告是否有罪。作出裁决后,陪审团回法庭由法官宣读他们的裁决。所以the jury is still out,就是陪审团还在庭外商议,尚未作出谁是谁非的决断。如今,这句话可以用在生活的各个方面,用来描述那些最终结果还没有出现的情况。
The first sales figures from New York look good. But we're waiting to hear the figures from Chicago and Los Angeles. So I have to tell you the jury is still out.
根据第一批来自纽约的销售数据来看情况很好,但是还在等待芝加哥和洛杉矶两地的数据,所以目前还不能得出结论来。
He kissed off the objections from others.
他对别人的反对置之不理。
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词组kiss off,这里使用的是在俚语中经常用到的一个含义:离开,拒绝,不在意。
When the professional beggars ask for money, better just give them the kiss-off.
遇到要钱的职业乞丐,最该做的就是直接走开。
I knocked around in Tianjin this holiday.
这个假期我去天津逛了逛。
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knock around,比较常用的一个意思是,漫游,从一个地方逛到另一个地方,通常没有很明确的目的地。
英文的解释是“to wander from place to place”。
I think I'll go and knock around in Qingdao. Hit the beach, maybe a little surfing, you know. Just take it easy, maybe spend some time at old friends.
我要去青岛转转。逛逛海滩,可能做点冲浪。就是放松一下,也许再花些时间去看望老朋友。
I get fed up with anyone who brags all the time.
我讨厌总是自吹自擂的人。
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fed up with: bored with; at the end of one's patience; tired; depressed 受够了;厌烦;对…厌倦
We are fed up with his grumbling.我们已经听厌了他的牢骚怪话
Who'll see after the house when you are gone?
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see after:look after 照顾
John's mother told him to see after his younger brother.
约翰的母亲告诉他要照顾好弟弟。
Who is to lead off the discussion?
讨论由谁来带头发言?
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lead off:begin;start 开始;领先
The town band led off by playing the National Anthem.
市府乐队首先奏国歌。
[2007年10月05日]
They have pasted up a notice on the wall.
他们在墙上贴了一张布告。
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paste up:fasten with paste to a surface用浆糊把…贴在上面
The printer pasted up the first chapter to show the author what his book would look like.
印刷工把书的第1章粘贴好了,让作者了解他的书会是什么样的。
He seemed to be very well off.
他好象很富有。
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well off:in good condition;fortunate;rich 处境不错;幸运的;富有的
Only by continuously increasing social accumulation can a country be prosperous and the people well off.
只有不断增加社会积累,一个国家才能兴旺,人民才能富裕。
The children got out of hand during my absence.
我不在的时候孩子们不听管教。
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get out of hand:become uncontrollable 难以控制;难以管制
He tried to expand the firm quickly,but his staff did not have enough experience. Production got out of hand and he went bankrupt.
他努力迅速扩大他的公司,但是他的职工们没有足够的经验。生产难以控制,结果他破产了。
The noise gets on my nerves.
那噪音让我心烦意乱。
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get on sb.'s nerves:annoy sb.; make sb.nervous 使某人不安;使某人烦恼
The child got on his parents' nerves by asking too many questions.
那孩子问的问题太多,令他父母心烦。
He rather reminds me of his brother.
见了他就让我想起他哥哥。
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remind of:make sb.remember 使…想起
This hotel reminds me of the one we stayed in last year.
这家旅馆使我想起了去年我们住过的那家。

